4 inch flow rate [Archive]

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User Inquiry

steveandlou

Could someone provide insights on the maximum gravity flow rate achievable with a 4 inch pipe that's 20 ft in length and has a 24 inch drop? It would be great to express this in English gallons since I'm located in England. Thank you for your assistance!

Responses and Insights

boggen

The minimum suggested flow rate is given in gallons per US hour. However, determining the maximum gallons per hour is contingent on the acceptable "draw down level." It would be helpful to know what specifically you are trying to achieve. Perhaps a diagram could clarify your setup? For conversion assistance, refer to this link: Flow Rate Conversion.

steveandlou

This inquiry pertains to my new filter that I recently constructed. There’s a post demonstrating it located below somewhere.

GloriaL

Can you clarify if you want to know the maximum amount of water that can flow through a four inch pipe over a length of twenty feet with a drop of twenty-four inches from one end to the other? It’s challenging to find clear information on this. Many people seem to suggest a single figure without factoring in elevation change. Clearly, flow rates will differ significantly between a 100-foot vertical four inch pipe and a 100-foot horizontal one with only an inch of elevation difference. Additionally, head created by fittings needs to be considered.

mtsklar

For a 20-foot length of pipe with a 24-inch elevation drop, a 4-inch pipe can provide approximately 14,000 GPH, translating to a velocity of 6 feet per second.

APOLONASGR36

For the specified setup, you’re looking at about 14,000 GPH along with a water velocity of 6 feet per second. The additional 20-24 inches of height in your container ensures that overflow won’t be a concern with an open 4-inch pipe allowing gravity to direct water back to your pond.

steveandlou

Thank you all for the feedback. I believe the system will function well without overflow issues.

boggen

To confirm, the minimum flow for a 4-inch pipe is based on achieving a velocity of 1 foot per second. More information can be found at this link: Pond Building Info.

Further Considerations

mtsklar

Just a note for those interested: flow rate must exceed 3 feet per second to avoid sediment build-up within a 4-inch pipe. Regular flushing of bottom drain lines is recommended during routine filter maintenance.

GloriaL

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GloriaL

If anyone can share a chart representing gravity flow through 100 feet of PVC pipe, categorized by pipe size and per foot drop, please provide it. There seems to be confusion regarding flow rates stated for 4-inch bottom drains, where those numbers derive from and how they reflect pipe restrictions.

Pond James_Pond

The area of the bottom drain's opening must exceed that of the bottom drain pipe to allow for optimal flow.

wputnam

It’s important to consider the surface variation around the bottom drain in many ponds. This variation can reduce the flow gap and consequently manipulate water velocity and friction. Clients often encounter issues where minor gaps at the dome lead to deformation; thus, allowing a 0.75-1 inch gap is advisable.

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